peters



tait-rh tatra gstrnt @fnf LONINWETHEHHLL, or no'SToN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSieNoH To HTMSELF. AND JOHN H. WELLS.

'Laim Patent No. 62,793, @ma 'March 12', 1867.

IMPROVEMENT vIN llOItGINC-r HAMMERS.

dhp ganarle nicht tuin tipa titnts @anni :no mating tutt at its anni.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN Be it known that I, IORINWETHERELL, of -the city of Boston, in the State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Process for Forging Hammers; andi cio hereby declare the following to' be a full and correct description of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical central section of the first pair of dies, with a piece ofsteel subjected to their actioin Figure 2, a perspective view of `the lower die of the pair represented in iig. l.

Figure 3, a similar view of the steel blank as it comes from the irst pair of dies.

Figure 4 is a vertical central section oi' the second pair of dies, with the piece represented in iig. 3 subjected to their action.v i

Figure 5 is a perspective view of Vthe lower die of the second pair.

Figure 6, the steel blank as it comes from the Second pair of flies;v

-Figure 7, the hammer as itl goes into the'third pair of dies. i

Figure 8, the'third pair of Clics.

Figure 9, the lower die of the third pair.

Figure 10, the hammer as it-comes from the third pair of dies.

Figure 11, the fourth pair of Adies with thc hammer between them.-

Figure 12, the bottom die of the fourth pair.

` Figure 13, the top die of the fourth pair.

Figure 14, the hammer as it comes'from the fourth pair of dies'.

Figure 15, the fifth pair offdies with the hammer between them;I

Figureml, the bottom die of the fthpair; andV Figure 17, the finished claw-hammer.

The nature of' this invention consists'in a new process for the forging oft-claw and other hammers b'y means of 'a series of dies of'novel construction, voperated and operating in the manner hereinafter more particularly set forth. v v g Hammers have heretofore been made almost entirely by hand: machinery being used only to a very limited extent toV co-operate with the hand-workmanin their manufacture. The trip-hammer and turning-lathe are sometimes employed' for theirv production in that manner. As articles of universal use, the-reduction of the cost of their manufacture-and improvement oi their quality become matters of great importance. -After many and costly experiments I have devised the dies and the process which are the subject of the present application, and by which the entire manufacture of hammers is done by machinery, to the very great improvement of the quality of the article and an essential diminution of itscost.

rlhe process is as follows; Frein a bar ot1 steel of the proper size I cut a piece, which I call va blank, of about the weight of the hammer I wish to make. Experience soon enables a workman to 'judge with great accuracy how much stock will be needed for a hammer of any given size. After heating, I subject this in a drop-hammer4 to the action of the Erst pair of dies, represented in figs. 1 and 2. The upper one, A, of these is plain, but the lower one, B, has an impression in it, which prepares the blank forthe formation of the socket of 'the hammer. A round hole, a, in the centre of the die is surrounded with a sharp projecting cutting edge, c, which is seen both in section and in view in the figures. A groove, b, is cut away to allow the ends of the blank to descendwhen the blowis struck. The blank, as it comes from the first pair of dies, after receiving two blows, presents the appearance represented inv fig. 3. It is next takento thc second pair of dies, the upper one of which is plain, while the lower one has around cavity of the sizev and depth to receive .the hammer socket. The socket piece d is inserted in the cavity c, and two more blowsare given, which ilatten the ends of the'blank and leave the Vsocket cZ in relief, as Shownin ig. 6, which represents the blank as it appears after comingi'roni the second .pair of dies; The blank is next taken to the trip-hammer, where one end is drawn down to a taper for a pane or claw, and the other is prepared for the vaction of the third pair of dies, both of which are alike, and, have an impression oi' oneh`alt` the shape to be produced. These dies give an improved shape to the hammer and impart a taper to thev socket, leaving the blank in the form shown in iig. 1 0. `At

thisipoint of the-processhthe hammer might be finished and. polishedifor an ordinarylpaue-hammer; but if a.V

claw-hammer is to be produced the process is continued by again heating the blank, and subjecting it to' the action of the fourth pair of dies, vrepresented in figs'.` 11, 12, and 1?. The lower die of this pair (see iig'. 12)'has an impression,. f, in it wider than the pane of the'hammer to be struck to vallow of lateral eizpansion under the blow. The upper die is furnished with a chiselg, (see fig. 13,) for cutting the slit for the claw. With this .pair ot' dies I use a light hammer, and repeat the blow three or four times in vorder to avoid breaking the chisel, an accident whichis apt tol oecur'if a heavy hammer is employed, AI also use a yoke, or some similar device, to hold the blank down tothe anvil to preventfits adhering tothe chisel g and Arising with it'a'ter the blow has been struck, and thus drawing its temper by excessive heating. The slit is not entirely cut through by this pair of dies, but the cutting is readily finished by. a common chisel on the anvil, where'also a slight turn is given to the pane to prepare it for the Viif'th and last pair of dies, representedin figs. 1,5 and 1.6. These dies give the curve to theclaw. The upper die L has aV projection, z', whichwork's against -an inclined abutment, j, to resist the backward thrustr occasioned by the resistance of the jaws ofi-the claw to the process of bending. The hammer as it comes from this pair of dies only requires polishingto be ready for -the market.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure ley-Letters Patent, 'is,--E

1. The first pair of dies, represented in figs, 1 and 2, constructed and operating as described.

2. The fourth pair of dies', represented in gs. 11, 12, and 13, constructed and operating as described 3. The fth pair of dies, represented in figs. 15and 16, constructed and operating ais-described.' I i 4. The proc'ess'of forging hammers bythe use of a series of dies constructed and operating substantiaily in the manner specified. l A i i The above specification of myinvention lsigned andwitnessed at Bostonl this 20th day of August, A. D.. 1865.

- LORIN WE'LYHERELL.

Witnesses.:

y CHAS. F. STANSBURY,

OHAUNGEY SMITH. 

